Studying the processes of microbial metabolism and nitro compounds and the development of effective biocatalysts for their biotransformation and biodegradation

Authors

  • V.A. Demakov Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • A.Yu. Maksimov Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • Yu.G. Maksimova Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • A.I. Halitova Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • A.V. Shilova Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • A.S. Litasova Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • Yu.A. Pavlova Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • S.V. Kozlov Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS
  • G.V. Ovechkina Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms UB RAS

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7242/2658-705X/2020.2.3

Keywords:

bacteria, biocatalysis, bio-purification, biotransformation, nitro compounds, nitrotoluene, nitrocellulose, TNT

Abstract

As a result of selection from communities of natural and technologically modified environments, communities of aerobic heterotrophic bacteria were identified, that are capable of using labormetabolizable natural nitrates (colloxylin, nitrophenol, nitrobenzene, dinitrobenzene) as sources of carbon and/or nitrogen. Active cultures were obtained, identified as actinobacteria of the genera Rhodococcus (Rhodococcus erythropolis, Rhodococcus ruber, Rhodococcus rodnii), Arthrobacter, Gordona, bacilli of the species Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus thuringienses, saliva, pinching, and mucous larch to nitrocellulose and aromatic nitro compounds. A metagenomic analysis of microcenoses of technologically altered soils and Perm production plants has been carried out using the nitro compound of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise Perm Powder Plant, OJSC Solikamsk Plant Ural, OJSC Kamtex-Khimprom, as well as natural medium-sized rivers and karst lakes, natural resources of sod-meadow and podzolic soils. As a result of PCR analysis of active cultural proteobacteria, genes of nitroreductases were found that are characteristic of some representatives of the genus Pseudomonas. It was shown that the isolated Pseudomonas and Rhodococcus isolates possess amidase activity and have gene types of known amidases. The growth kinetics of active cultures using ordinary nitrates as a substrate was studied. A certain influence of cultivation conditions (temperature, pH, salt composition) on the growth rate, biomass growth and activity of biodegradation of nitro compounds has been determined. It was shown that highly active cultures of Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. putida, R. erythropolis under optimal conditions are capable of depolymerizing colloxylin at a high rate of up to 0,5 g / 1 g d.v. cells / day. It was established that the derivatives of biotransformation are microbial communities of colloxylins, biogenic organic amines and amides, which makes it possible to obtain a substrate for nitrogen-containing organic fertilizer during biodegradation.

Supporting Agencies
Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ 16-44-590359 р_а «Исследование процессов микробного метаболизма органических нитросоединений с применением данных геномных и метагеномных исследований и разработка эффективного биокатализатора для их биотрансформации и биодеградации».

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Published

2020-07-22

Issue

No. 2 (2020)

Section

Research: theory and experiment

How to Cite

Demakov, V. ., Maksimov, A. ., Maksimova, Y. ., Halitova, A. ., Shilova, A. ., Litasova, A. ., Pavlova, Y. ., Kozlov, S. ., & Ovechkina, G. . (2020). Studying the processes of microbial metabolism and nitro compounds and the development of effective biocatalysts for their biotransformation and biodegradation. Perm Federal Research Centre Journal, 2, 23-35. https://doi.org/10.7242/2658-705X/2020.2.3